A critical assessment for the value of markers to gate-out undesired events in HLA-peptide multimer staining protocols

¹ Division of Translational and Experimental Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany

² Department of Biostatistics, New York University, New York, NY USA

³ ZellNet Consulting, Inc., Fort Lee, NJ USA

⁴ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA

⁵ Vaccine Research East and Early Development, Pfizer Inc. Pearl River, NY USA

⁶ Surgery and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

⁷ Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA

⁸ Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA

⁹ Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, CT USA

¹⁰ Translational Tumor Immunology Group, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Switzerland

¹¹ Research & Development, BioNTech AG, Mainz, Germany